As the Apollo program put men on the moon at exorbitant cost, NASA wanted to create a reusable, lower cost way to send people and cargo to space on a regular basis. The crews flew the shuttle five times in 1977.


Enterprise was used in five "drop tests" in California, allowing NASA astronauts to get a feel for how the shuttle would fly during the descent back to Earth.The space shuttle was designed to land on Earth as a deadstick; it would not be powered; the pilots would guide it to the surface using turns and computer guidance. The Space Shuttle program was initially conceived in the late 1960s. For the first three flights, Enterprise wore a tail cone to minimize drag. The spacecraft was not equipped to travel to the final frontier. Enterprise also was attached to an external tank and solid rocket boosters to test the launch configuration.In 1983, Enterprise went on a world tour that included Canada and several European countries (England, France, Germany and Italy), most notably visiting an air show in Paris. The purpose of the vibration tests was to verify that the Space Shuttle performed its launch configuration as predicted.An overall view of Space Launch Complex Six. In 1976, NASA's space shuttle Enterprise rolled out of the Palmdale manufacturing facilities and was greeted by NASA officials and cast members from the 'Star Trek' television series. Enterprise, the first Space Shuttle Orbiter, is the centerpiece of the new McDonnell Space Hangar at the National Air and Space Museum's Steven F. Udvar-Hazy Center in Chantilly, Virginia. Udvar-Hazy would receive the space shuttle Discovery after the program's retirement.Enterprise's right wing was slightly damaged during transport on the water to the museum, as Today, Enterprise remains on display at the Intrepid. Fred Haise, best known as a crewmember on The SCA released Enterprise at about 24,000 feet and quickly banked away as the shuttle took to the air for the first time. The Shuttle Enterprise, named after the starship in the "Star Trek" TV show of the 1960s, is commanded by former Apollo 13 Lunar Module pilot, Fred Haise (left) with C. Gordon Fullerton as pilot.The Orbiter 101 "Enterprise" rides "piggy-back" atop the NASA 747 carrier aircraft during the second free flight of the Shuttle Apporach and Landing Tests (ALTs) conducted on September 13, 1977 at Dryden Flight Research Center in Southern California. It serves as a reminder of how important test flights are to developing a success space program, as well as a testament to how hard NASA worked in the early days to understand how a space shuttle behaved during landing.Get breaking space news and the latest updates on rocket launches, skywatching events and more!Thank you for signing up to Space. Recognizing the chance to cash in on popular sentiment, the name was changed to Enterprise.When Enterprise was brought out of its manufacturing facility in Palmdale, Calif., NASA naturally held an event to celebrate it. The tests were conducted to verify aerodynamics and handling characteristics in preparation for orbital flights with the Space Shuttle Columbia, which began in April 1981.Astronauts Joe H. Engle (looking down), commander, and Richard H. Truly (face partially obscured by Engle), pilot, are greeted by Rockwell technicians following egress from the Space Shuttle Orbiter 101 "Enterprise." The xenon lights would be used in launch preparations.The test shuttle Enterprise made its first appearance mated to supportive propellant containers and boosters as it was rolled from the Vehicle Assembly Building at Kennedy Space Center en route to the launch pad, some 3.5 miles away, on May 1, 1979. Ground vibration tests were performed as Enterprise sat atop the SCA. The shuttle was fitted for future ferry flights, and measures were taken to reduce aerodynamic drag. The aircraft type (known as the Shuttle Carrier Aircraft, or SCA) would later be used to carry the shuttles between California and Florida if the shuttle landed at Edwards Air Force Base.Next, NASA flew the SCA five times with the shuttle on top of it.


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