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New knowledge suggests that these bacteria exert effects on host immunity, which extend well beyond the intestine. The piglet as a model animal for studying aspects of digestion and absorption in milk-fed human infants. Hayashi H, Sakamoto M, Benno Y. Fecal microbial diversity in a strict vegetarian as determined by molecular analysis and cultivation. HHS Appl Environ Microbiol 2002; 68:219–226. The prevalence and diversity of bacteria in different areas of the GI tract is influenced by the different conditions at these sites and thus the microbiota of the stomach and jejunum varies with that of the large intestine. Kuwahara T, Yamashita A, Hirakawa H et al. Normal flora of genitourinary tract Normal flora of Urinary tract. Harmsen HJ, Wildeboer-Veloo AC, Raangs GC et al. Microb Ecol 2005; 50:120–127. The gastrointestinal tract, and the colon in particular, is host to a number of bacteria that reside within its lumen. This is a preview of subscription content. 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The gastrointestinal flora includes native species permanently colonize the gastrointestinal tract and a variable number of living microorganisms which are temporarily in the Science 2003; 299:2071–2074. For information on cookies and how you can disable them visit our Privacy and Cookie Policy. Evaldson G, Heimdahl A, Kager L, Nord CE. Characterizing the species composition of the healthy microbiota may be a key step in identifying bacterial or associated physiological conditions that are present or absent in an unhealthy microbiota. Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India. Temperature gradient gel electrophoresis analysis of 16S rRNA from human fecal samples reveals stable and host-specific communities of active bacteria.

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