L ake Chad is a hydrological miracle – a life-giving, freshwater lake in the Sahara desert. Abstract: Africa’s Lake Chad is the convergence point of a complex humanitarian disaster courtesy of violence, climate change, and remote, ungoverned areas. The researchers also found that the effect was strong enough to override short-lived, mild recoveries in lake levels during La Niña phases of ENSO, which typically bring wetter conditions. Lake Chad sits within the Sahel, a semiarid strip of land dividing the Sahara Desert from the humid savannas of equatorial Africa.The Chad Basin spans more than 2.4 million square kilometers, and is bordered by mountain ranges.

About 90% of the rain falls from June to September, but the lake doesn’t rise until November. (Also available online at Grove, A.T., 1978, Geographical introduction to the Sahel: The Geographical Journal, v. 144, no. During an average rainy season, the water level in the lake is typically 5–8 meters deep, although it has gone through many wet and dry climatic regimes for thousands of years when water levels were much higher or lower than normal.

2, p. 471–502, Olivry, J-C., Chouret, A., Vuillaume, G., Lemoalle, J., and Bricquet, J-P., 1996, Hydrologie du lac Tchad: Paris, ORSTOM, 266 p.Policelli, F., Hubbard, H., Jung, H.C., Zaitchik, B., and Ichoku, C., 2018, Lake Chad Total Surface Water Area as Derived from Land Surface Temperature and Radar Remote Sensing Data: Remote Sensing, v. 10, no. The organization's secretariat is located in N'Djamena, Chad. But drought did not affect all lake areas equally.Around 1973, the lake was in a phase called “Normal Lake Chad”—a single body of water with an archipelago on the north side of the southern basin. Lake Chad’s lakebed is flat and shallow, so small changes in water level greatly affect its surface water area. The Lake Chad Basin Commission (LCBC or CBLT in French) is an intergovernmental organization that oversees water and other natural resource usage in the basin. Landsat will continue to provide information about Lake Chad’s changes, its infrared imaging capability accurately delineating land, water, and wetland.Asante, K.O., Artan, G.A., Pervez, S., and Rowland, J., 2008, A linear geospatial streamflow modeling system for data sparse environments: International Journal of River Basin Management, v. 6, no.

The resulting reduction to Lake Chad is visible in this triptych of images captured by The images show the lake in 1973, 1976, and 1979, a time of great transition and decline in the lake extent. For example, Lopez has been using remote sensing to examine the role of underground water in the Lake Chad basin. So the rise in water levels actually occurs during the dry season.Water displays as dark blue, and wetlands are green. 7, p. 2082, Coe, M.T., and Birkett, C.M., 2004, Calculation of river discharge and prediction of lake height from satellite radar altimetry: Example for the Lake Chad basin: Water Resources Research, v. 40, W10205, doi:10.1029/2003WR002543.Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ), 2016, Report on the State of the Lake Chad Basin Ecosystem: Bonn, Germany, 233p., accessed November 20, 2018, at Gao, H., Bohn, T.J., Podest, E., McDonald, K.C., and Lettenmaier, D.P., 2011, On the causes of the shrinking of Lake Chad: Environmental Research Letters, v. 6, 034021, doi:10.1088/1748-9326/6/3/034021. big alpha lake by far best place ever 10/10 would go there again i alredy have been there 65 times perfect for hiding dead bodies and swims with the family the brown colour makes it unique wouldent buy the tour the if you are a real chadian then you dont go on boat you swim. 3, p. 233–241.Bloemen, S., 2011, Lake Chad’s receding water level heightens risks of malnutrition and disease: UNICEF, available online at Buma, W.G., Lee, S.-I., and Seo, J.Y., 2018, Recent Surface Water Extent of Lake Chad from Multispectral Sensors and GRACE: Sensors, v. 18, no. Nestled in a low spot within a huge basin in west-central Africa is an isolated blue dot: That’s Lake Chad. It is economically very important, providing water to more than 20 million people living in the four countries which surround it — Chad, Cameroon, Niger and Nigeria. Water levels there remained below the 1900–2010 mean and far below what it was in the 1960s.The region has a short rainy season, and changes in rainfall amounts can greatly affect the water supply. 31, 1963, Argon satellite photograph — Lake ChadJanuary 1973, Landsat 1 (path/row 198–199/50–51) — Lake ChadJanuary 1987, Landsat 5 (path/row 184–186/50–51) — Lake ChadMay 2003, Landsat 7 (path/row 184–186/50–51) — Lake ChadMay 2013, Landsat 8 (path/row 184–186/50–52) — Lake ChadMay–June 2018, Landsat 8 (path/row 184–186/50–52) — Lake ChadLake Chad was once the sixth largest lake in the world, but prolonged drought and increased water use have shrunk the lake dramatically.

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