After DUP rejoined the government, a ceasefire with SPLA was achieved.With the NIF coup d'état in 1989, all peace talks ended.As of 1992 the Sudanese government launched a major offensive against SPLA, which was weakened by the split with SPLA officer as part of Joint Integrated Unit during the CPA eraIn 2007, the SPLA was further organised into the Ministry of Defence. At this time the government was planning to reduce the size of the military.As of 2013 the SLPA's land forces operated the following heavy equipment: The press release was made public through an announcement on Radio SPLA. The Sudan People's Liberation Army (SPLA) is the army of the Republic of South Sudan.The SPLA was founded as a guerrilla movement against the government of Sudan in 1983 and was a key participant of the Second Sudanese Civil War.Throughout the war, it was led by John Garang. The two parties had agreed on the lifting of the state of emergency and abolition of sharia law. After Bilpam, other SPLA training camps were established at In the mid-1980s the SPLA armed struggle had blocked the development projects of the Sudanese government, such as the SPLA launched its first advance in Equatoria in 1985-1986. In half of the constituencies of southern Sudan elections could not be held due to the SPLA boycott.On November 15, 1988 SPLA entered into an alliance with the DUP. Anyanya II also attacked civilians believed to be SPLA supporters.SPLA boycotted the 1986 elections. Gen. Deputy Chief of Staff (Logistics) James Hoth Mai replaced Oyay Deng Ajak as Chief of General Staff in May 2009.The Government of Southern Sudan named the SPLA General Headquarters outside Juba 'Bilpam'.Work on a national security strategy began in late 2012.On December 15, 2013, fighting broke out in Juba between different factions of the armed forces in what the South Sudanese government described as a Eventually the Sudan People's Liberation Movement split into two main factions, divided on the issue over leadership of the ruling party: The Sudanese conflict in South Kordofan and Blue Nile, also referred to by some media as the Third Sudanese Civil War, is an ongoing armed conflict in the Sudanese southern states of South Kordofan and Blue Nile between the Sudanese Army (SAF) and Sudan People's Liberation Movement-North (SPLM-N), a northern affiliate of the Sudan People's Liberation Movement (SPLM) in South Sudan. The two parties had agreed on the lifting of the state of emergency and abolition of sharia law. After DUP rejoined the government, a ceasefire with SPLA was achieved.With the NIF coup d'état in 1989, all peace talks ended.Garang issued a statement through the SPLA radio communications system, denouncing the coup.

This process was actively supported by funding from the The initial organisation of the SPLA, based on divisions, was assembled in mid-2005 but not actually put into practice in the field until 2006. According to the 2013 edition of the International Institute for Strategic Studies' report International Institute for Strategic Studies (IISS) (2013).

The Panel of Experts wrote in 2016, "While other tribes are represented in SPLA, they are increasingly marginalized, rendering the multi-tribal structure of the army largely a façade that obscures the central role that Dinka now play in virtually all major theatres of the conflict". Along with JEM, it was signed by Minni Minawi's Sudan Liberation Army (SLA), also from Darfur, and by Malik Agar, leader of the Sudan People's Liberation Movement-North (SPLM-N), … The name 'Bilpam' would carry a great symbolic importance for SPLA for years to come, as the epicentre of the uprising. Much of the government’s wealth comes from oil revenue. (S/2016/963, 8) During this campaign, SPLA were confronted by a number of pro-government militias. A collection of smaller militias such as the Mathiang Anyoor, which Malong was accused of controlling and which are accused of human rights atrocities, normally support the government. As of 2013 the SPLA's land forces operated the following heavy equipment: Sudan People’s Liberation Army-in-Opposition (SPLA-IO) The name 'Bilpam' carried great symbolic importance for SPLA for years to come, as the epicentre of the uprising.

As of 2013, the SPLA was estimated to … Soldiers from the Sudan People’s Liberation Army at an oil facility in South Sudan in 2014.

In early May 2018, a two-day meeting of the Parties to the Revitalized Agreement on the Resolution of the Conflict in South Sudan (R-ARCSS) started in The army was officially renamed South Sudan People's Defence Forces in September 2018 by a Republican order read on the state-owned TV channel SSBC.As of 2018, the army was estimated to have 185,000 soldiers as well as an unknown number of personnel in the small As of 2019, the SSPDF comprised the Ground Force, Air Force, Air Defense Forces, and Presidential Guard.In October 2019, more than 40 members of South Sudan People’s Defense Forces (SSPDF) undertook two-day training organised by the The SPLA was commanded by the Chief of General Staff] (COGS).

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