Through the 1990’s, the country saw an increase in political dissatisfaction due to a common perception of autocracy in Biya’s government. 38 0 obj <> endobj Image provided by: CDC/ Alissa Eckert, MS; Dan Higgins, MAM 69 0 obj <>stream The power of the coastal kingdoms was balanced by the Fulani stronghold in the north, which was consolidated by the end of the eighteenth century through either conquering or expelling the region’s non-Muslim population. GCI staff was present for the launching event We offer the following services to the general public: One of his most important initial measures after rising to power was the unilateral change of the country’s name in 1984 from a ‘United Republic’ to simply a ‘Republic.’ This change was hugely symbolic, for it further stripped away the autonomy the Anglophones held from the Francophones; it remains a point of contention for the Anglophones to this day.Ruling as an autocrat and running unopposed, Biya was reelected into power in 1988, commanding an overwhelming 99% percent of the vote.

To avoid this, the Douala-centered chiefs sought a British protectorate that would cement their power; yet British delays in sending an envoy to meet with the chiefs forced the African leaders to turn to Germany instead. The earliest inhabitants of Cameroon were probably the Baka ().They still inhabit the forests of the south and east provinces. Yet, Germany’s defeat in World War I halted any grand plans it might have had for the colony, for as a stipulation in the Treaty of Versailles, Germany had to surrender its overseas colonies to the victorious European powers. Free Download Ebook From Frontiers To Football An Alternative History Of Latin America Since 1800 Reaktion Books Globalities at here. In February 2008, unrest swept the major towns of Cameroon resulting from rising food costs, widespread unemployment, and a constitutional referendum that eliminated presidential term limits; government suppression of the riots resulted in the deaths of over 100 Cameroonian citizens.Since the riots, political unrest continues to brew due to endemic corruption, Anglophone-Francophone tension, and President Biya’s prolonged rule.
0000004720 00000 n By 200 BCE, an influx of Bantu-speaking tribes into the southern and eastern regions of the country had pushed the … From 1961-1963, however, the Federal Republic did experience mass unrest, allegedly at the hands of the UPC. Biya was a southern politician from the Bulu-Beti tribe who consolidated power by eliminating all opposition parties following an attempted coup in 1984.

From 1961-1963, however, the Federal Republic did experience mass unrest, allegedly at the hands of the UPC. Cameroon’s legacy of ethnic diversity dates back to 8,000 BCE with the migration of the Baka people into the country’s modern-day borders. Most notable of these parties was the Union of Cameroonian Peoples (in French, Union des Populations du Cameroun, or the UPC), consisting mainly of the Bamiléké and Bassa ethnic groups, and the Bloc Démocratique Camerounais (BDC), led by Fulani native Ahmadou Ahidjo.From the start, the UPC insisted upon immediate independence and reunification of the two Cameroons. The Muslim-dominated North Cameroon voted to join Nigeria while South Cameroon voted to join East Cameroon as one country.Thus, as the Federal Republic of Cameroon, the newly reunified African nation proceeded to tackle its post-independence problems: lack of industry, underdevelopment, a weak economy dependent on a few key exports, a multi-ethnic population, and the always-troublesome postcolonial political transition. Bantu speakers originating in the Cameroonian highlands were among the first groups to move out before other invaders.. Across Africa and the rest of the colonial world, movements for independence charged against the European powers, and Cameroon was no exception. In 2002, this dissatisfaction manifested itself in widespread protests throughout the northern Muslim community. Stanford Libraries' official online search tool for books, media, journals, databases, government documents and more.
Yet, Cameroon encountered stability instead of political disintegration, and it was able to avoid debt, feed its population, and recharge the economy. The southern coastal tribes developed a fear that the interior ethnic groups would start trading directly with the Europeans, thus undercutting their powerful intermediary status. The Germans administered Kamerun intent on building the colony’s infrastructure and consolidating its rule by expanding into the interior and conquering tribal strongholds. 0000000936 00000 n Po’s arrival in Cameroon marked the beginning of a 400-year trading relationship between the Portuguese and local African chiefs primarily from Douala, Limbé, and Bonaberi. In French Cameroon, rage at the French-imposed taxes and forced labor systems coalesced into anti-colonial political parties that advocated for independence and reunification.

In 1884, Germany assumed sovereignty of the territory and, in exchange, conferred special trade privileges upon the chiefs of Douala and Bamiléké.From 1884 to 1919, all of present-day Cameroon was consolidated and administered as the German colony Kamerun, despite the multitude of ethnic groups with their individual histories, cultures, traditions, and governments. 38 32 0 Reviews. Contents. This staff was composed of Mr Ebenezer, Sophie, Lionel, Clavance, Njana, Global conscience initiative is an NGO in Kumba, aim at protecting and promoting human rights of citizens. Pre-Colonial History. Around 1500, the Mandara Kingdom was founded in t…


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